Strabismus, more commonly known as being cross-eyed - is a condition where the eyes do not align in the same direction when focusing on an object. While one eye looks straight ahead, the other may turn inward, outward, upward, or downward. This misalignment can occur constantly or intermittently, affecting both children and adults.
At Mediclinic, Ophthalmology specialists assess and manage strabismus using advanced diagnostic tools and treatment techniques. Early detection and care are essential to prevent complications such as double vision or reduced depth perception.
What Is Strabismus?
Strabismus is a visual condition in which the eye muscles fail to work together in perfect coordination. Normally, six muscles control each eye’s movement and allow both eyes to focus on a single point. When these muscles don’t function properly, the eyes point in different directions.
This misalignment may be present from birth or develop later due to neurological, muscular, or refractive issues. Regardless of the cause, proper eye care and timely intervention are vital to restore alignment and preserve vision quality.
How Strabismus Affects Vision
The brain typically fuses two slightly different images from each eye into one clear visual picture. In strabismus, because the eyes are misaligned, the brain receives two distinct images. In children, the brain may suppress the image from the misaligned eye to avoid double vision — a process that can lead to amblyopia, or “lazy eye.”
Adults with new-onset strabismus often experience double vision, as the brain can no longer ignore conflicting images. Over time, untreated strabismus can strain the eyes, affect hand-eye coordination, and even impact self-esteem.
Common Types of Strabismus
Strabismus can vary widely in its presentation and underlying cause. Ophthalmology specialists classify it into different types to determine the most effective treatment.
1. Esotropia (Inward Turn)
This is the most common form, where one or both eyes turn inward. It may appear constantly or during times of focus.
2. Exotropia (Outward Turn)
In this type, one eye drifts outward, especially when the person is tired or daydreaming.
3. Hypertropia and Hypotropia (Vertical Misalignment)
The eye may turn upward or downward compared with the other, affecting depth perception and clarity.
4. Intermittent Strabismus
Some individuals experience occasional misalignment that comes and goes, often triggered by fatigue or stress.
Each form requires a tailored approach depending on its severity and impact on visual function.
Causes and Risk Factors
Strabismus can result from various factors, including genetics, muscle imbalance, or underlying health conditions. Common causes include:
Refractive errors: Significant near- or farsightedness can strain the eye muscles.
Neurological conditions: Affecting nerve signals that control eye movement.
Inherited factors: A family history of strabismus increases risk.
Medical conditions: Such as thyroid eye disease or diabetes.
An eye doctor in Abu Dhabi will carefully assess these factors through a combination of eye exams, imaging, and medical history review before recommending treatment.
How Strabismus Is Diagnosed at Mediclinic
Diagnosis involves a comprehensive Ophthalmology assessment to determine the type, cause, and degree of misalignment. During an eye examination, the specialist may:
Evaluate eye movement and coordination.
Perform visual acuity tests to assess focus and clarity.
Use a cover test to observe how the eyes move independently.
Measure the angle of deviation using light reflections.
In some cases, additional imaging or neurological evaluation may be required to identify underlying causes.
Treatment Options for Strabismus
The good news is that most forms of strabismus can be effectively treated with early intervention. The treatment approach depends on the patient’s age, type of misalignment, and severity of symptoms.
1. Corrective Lenses
Glasses or contact lenses can help correct refractive errors that contribute to eye misalignment. Some may include prisms that adjust how light enters the eye, improving alignment and reducing double vision.
2. Vision Therapy
This involves specific eye exercises designed to strengthen coordination between both eyes. Vision therapy is particularly beneficial for children, as their visual system is still developing.
3. Medication
In some cases, eye drops, or temporary patching of the stronger eye encourage the weaker eye to work harder, promoting balance and alignment.
4. Botox Injections
Interestingly, small doses of Botox can be used to relax overactive eye muscles temporarily, allowing better alignment. This method is typically reserved for specific cases or as an alternative to surgery.
5. Strabismus Surgery
If non-surgical methods are not sufficient, eye muscle surgery may be recommended. During this procedure, the surgeon adjusts the length or position of the muscles controlling eye movement.
Mediclinic’s Ophthalmology team performs this delicate surgery using advanced techniques that ensure precision, safety, and optimal recovery.
The Importance of Early Detection
Strabismus treatment is most effective when detected early, especially in children. Without prompt eye care, the brain may begin to ignore input from one eye, leading to permanent vision loss in that eye.
Parents should seek an evaluation from an eye doctor in Abu Dhabi if they notice:
One eye appearing to wander or turn inward/outward.
Squinting or closing one eye frequently.
Complaints of double vision.
Tilting the head to focus on objects.
Regular eye examinations during childhood play a crucial role in identifying subtle alignment problems before they progress.
Living with Strabismus
Beyond the visual implications, strabismus can impact confidence and daily activities. Fortunately, with appropriate treatment and follow-up, most individuals regain normal alignment and improved vision.
For adults, therapy and surgery can restore binocular vision, while children often experience complete correction with early management. Continuous eye care and follow-ups ensure lasting improvement and prevent recurrence.
How Mediclinic Supports Patients with Strabismus
At Mediclinic, the Ophthalmology department offers comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic solutions for strabismus. Each treatment plan is individualised, combining medical expertise, modern technology, and compassionate care.
The team includes experienced eye doctors in Abu Dhabi who collaborate with orthoptists and surgeons to deliver seamless care from diagnosis to recovery. This multidisciplinary approach ensures both functional and aesthetic outcomes for patients of all ages.
Strabismus is more than a visual condition - it’s a treatable disorder that benefits from early recognition and expert care. Whether managed through glasses, vision therapy, Botox, or surgery, timely intervention can restore visual balance and enhance quality of life.
With advanced Ophthalmology services at Mediclinic, patients receive precise diagnosis, comprehensive eye care, and lasting results from dedicated professionals who prioritise comfort, safety, and confidence.