Aviation Medicine is a specialised branch of medicine that addresses the unique health and fitness requirements of aviation professionals, including pilots and aircrew.

It is concerned with the health and safety of those who fly, both crew and passengers, as well as the selection and performance of those who hold aviation licenses.

Requirements include checks of eyesight, ears, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), lung function, blood cholesterol, blood haemoglobin, chest x-ray, urine and period of validity.